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          <dc:title>Weibliche Politik im Frühislam am Beispiel von Muḥammads Frau Umm Salama</dc:title>
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          <dc:description>The question of the legitimacy of female leadership and authority in Islam arouses heated discussions. Even the interpretations of female figures’ actions in the earliest traditions about the Prophet Muhammad are highly disputed. For example, Aisha's political failure after Muhammad’s death is often used as an argument against female political leadership. Nevertheless, the sources represent women in many different ways, including as authorities or policymakers. This paper sheds light on hardly noted traditions about Muhammad’s wife Umm Salama in order to demonstrate – with reference to the written records – that some women played an intervening role as political advisors and mediators and were widely involved in socio-political affairs during the early Islamic period. Consequently, I would like to put forward the thesis that narrators of the early Islamic traditions took female participation and intervention in socio-political decisions for granted, which will be supported by an analysis of texts by Islamic scholars up to the 9th century.</dc:description>
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